Are There Guidelines for the Responsible Prescription of Benzodiazepines?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Prevalence of Prescriptions and Their IndicationsB enzodiazepines are reportedly the most frequently pre- scribed psychotropic medication.Among adults in the United States and Canada, 3% to 4% are using BDZs at any one time.1 About 100 million prescriptions are written per year.The European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (commonly referred to as ESEMeD) investigated the use of ADs and BDZs in 21 425 respondents from 6 countries.In the nonhelp-seeking population, BDZs were used more commonly than ADs, while in the help-seeking population, with a 12-month prevalence of major depressive disorder or anxiety disorder, BDZs were used as commonly as ADs. 2 In an Australian study, 3 16% of the adults aged 65 years and older (n = 3970) had at least 1 BDZ prescription and the prescription prevalence increased with age.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.016 | 0.104 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.011 | 0.013 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.022 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".