Bibliographic record
Abstract
Elymus canadensis is a perennial cool-season bunchgrass growing from a robust, fibrous root system forming clumps rather than sod. . Stems (culms) are sturdy, erect, rigid, and typically 60–150 cm tall, smooth to slightly rough. Leaves are alternate, flat, and linear, typically 10 to 30 centimeters long and 5 to 15 millimeters wide, with rough margins and a blunt or tapered tip and sheaths that tightly wrap the stem. Both basal and cauline leaves are present. The ligule is prominent, translucent, membranous, about 2 to 5 millimeters long, with a finely toothed or jagged margin. The inflorescence is a dense, spike-like raceme 10 to 30 centimeters long, composed of several spikelets arranged in two rows along the axis. Each spikelet is 10 to 15 millimeters long, containing 2–5 florets with awns 1–3 cm long. Flowers are bisexual, with three stamens with slender filaments and large anthers and a single pistil topped with two feathery stigmas The fruit is a caryopsis (grain), 5–7 mm long, brown at maturity, ripening in late summer. Canada wild rye is native to South Dakota, growing in prairies, open woodlands, roadsides, and disturbed sites statewide, with higher abundance in central and eastern regions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.066 | 0.027 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".