Effect of high carbohydrate high fat diet on hippocampal neurovascular coupling in a rat model of Alzheimer's Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Interaction of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology and vascular comorbidities is difficult to study in humans due to slow course of AD and high prevalence of patients with mixed pathologies. Vascular comorbidities (e.g., with obesity) are highly prevalent and increase the risk of developing dementia. There is thus a pressing need to examine experimental AD models incorporating obesity and to establish sensitive and translational imaging assays therein. Method TgF344‐AD (TgAD) rats and their non‐transgenic (nTg) littermates were given three months ad lib access to high carbohydrate high fat (HCHF) food items, so as to imitate the highly palatable foods consumed in the obesogenic population, before MR imaging them at 12 months of age (established AD). Pseudo continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) MRI was utilized to establish an assay of hippocampal neurovascular compromise and its sensitivity to AD and its interaction with obesity. Result In CHOW‐fed cohorts, hippocampal functional hyperemia (CBF change and volume of activation) in response to electrical stimulation of the forepaw was attenuated in TgAD rats (CBF change: 7 ± 14 ml/100g/min and volume of activation: 0.03 ± 0.08) relative to nTg rats (CBF change: 49 ± 21 ml/100g/min, p = 0.029 and volume of activation: 0.34 ± 0.14, p <0.001). In contrast, the functional hyperemia was enhanced with HCHF diet in TgAD rats (CBF change: 60 ± 26 ml/100g/min, p <0.001 and volume of activation: 0.25 ± 0.15, p <0.001). Conclusion The observed rescue of functional hyperemia with HCHF in established AD, but not in normal aging, is speculated to result from metabolically dysregulated AD brain profiting from calorie‐dense food consumption. This work demonstrates a non‐invasive neuroimaging assay to assess hippocampal neurovascular function in AD and its vascular comorbidities, offering high translational potential. This assay affords ease of delivering somatosensory stimuli and limited effect of aging and neurodegeneration on somatosensation, making somatosensory protocol a particularly easy one to deploy in patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".