Resistência de nematoides gastrintestinais de caprinos e ovinos aos anti-helmínticos levamisol, ivermectina e albendazol
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats and sheep to the anthelmintic drugs levamisole, ivermectin, and albendazole in the metropolitan region of São Luís Island, Maranhão, Brazil. Fecal samples were collected from 150 animals across four different farms; two farms had goats, and the other two had sheep. The samples were then randomly divided into three to four groups of 10 animals: Group I: control, without treatment; Group II: ivermectin treatment; Group III: levamisole treatment; and Group IV: albendazole treatment. Stool samples were collected from the rectal ampulla one day before treatment and 10 days after anthelmintic treatment. Individual coproparasitological examinations were performed using the modified McMaster technique at the Animal Health Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Maranhão, Campus São Luís-Maracanã. The efficacies of the anthelmintic drugs against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats and sheep were: 14.28%, and 13.6% for ivermectin; 0% and 79.4% for levamisole; and 59.8% and 3.43% for albendazole, respectively Gastrointestinal nematodes demonstrated multiple anthelmintic resistance, as the percentage reduction in egg count was less than 95% and the lower limit of the confidence interval was less than 90%.Keywords: antiparasitic drugs; anthelmintic resistance; small ruminants
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".