Electromyography and maximum strength test for evaluation protocol for pain of acupuncture runners knee
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pain in the lower members is very common in athletes and may represent a limiting aspect to income. According to epidemiological studies, between 27% and 70% of the runners have some type of injury during the period of one year, which causes discomfort during practice and generates poor performance in competitions. In the pursuit of mitigation and / or solution to the pain of running athletes, acupuncture may be beneficial, as this technique is known for its analgesic effects applied on knee area. The objective of this study was to analyze parameters related to knee pain correlating the musculature strength parameters evaluated in corridors undergoing acupuncture treatment. It conducted a descriptive study from January to June 2015 with 34 runners, aged 20-52 years, of both sexes, who presented pain in the knee region. Volunteers completed the McGill Pain Questionnaire and the Visual Analogue Scale and were subjected to the maximum force test with electromyographic evaluation of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and vastus and quadriceps strength evaluation. They received five weekly attendances following the acupuncture protocol developed for this study. After, they were again subjected to strength testing and completing the questionnaire and the pain scale. All volunteers reported feeling decrease knee pain after treatment, which was assessed using the McGill Pain Questionnaire initially obtained median of 17.5 and after treatment, 6.5 (62.9% improvement). And through the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), which initially had an median of 6.0 and after the average treatment of 3.0 (an improvement of 50.0%) and p <0.001 for both. The affected limb mean strength was 20kgf and 27kgf this was increased to after treatment (34% increment and p <0.001). For the contralateral member, the initial average strength was 22kgf and after treatment was 28kgf (increase of 25% and p <0.001). To prove the strength gain through the amplitude of the electromyographic signal, there was an increase in the number of motor unit recruitment for the three muscles evaluated in both members. The affected member of the rectus femoris muscle had increased by 43% (p <0.001), vastusvmuscle of 25% (p <0.001) and vastus lateralis of 16% (p = 0.025). For the contralateral leg, the rectus femoris muscle was increased by 17% (p = 0.023), the vastus medialis of 32% (p = 0.029) and lateral vastus 27% (p = 0.002). The median frequency no difference in conduction velocity of action potentials in both members. It is concluded that the proposed protocol is effective in reducing painful symptoms in knees region runners athletes, interfering with the gain in strength and muscle balance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".