Comparison of mean age of air in ERA5, ERA-Interim, MERRA2 and JRA-3Q using the BASCOE CTM and observations from MIPAS, ACE-FTS, GLORIA-B and CAIRT
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We compare stratospheric mean age of air (AoA) derived from four recent reanalyses: ERA5, ERA-Interim, MERRA2, and JRA-3Q, using the BASCOE chemistry transport model (CTM). AoA is a transit time of air parcels that move from the troposphere to the stratosphere and is used as a proxy for circulation speed. Our analysis focuses on long-term trends and differences between the datasets. We compare our findings with previous studies and with satellite observations, including MIPAS and ACE-FTS, as well as GLORIA-B balloon measurements at Kiruna and Timmins, and simulated data from the proposed CAIRT mission for ESA’s Earth Explorer 11.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".