Archaeological Investigations at the Farr Site (DjNf-8): A Cody Complex Site in Southern Saskatchewan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this thesis I present a description and examination of the Farr site (DjNf-8), a Cody complex site located in south-central Saskatchewan, approximately 100 km south of Regina. This thesis aims to expand on the understanding of Early Precontact lifeways on the Northern Plains. The primary purpose of this research was to determine the cultural affiliation, chronology, and functional interpretation of the site through integrated analysis of its environment, lithic artifact assemblage, stratigraphy, and faunal remains. The results of these analyses were then compared to other known Cody complex sites and surface collections in Saskatchewan to gain a better understanding of Cody complex occupations in Saskatchewan. Fieldwork included pedestrian surveys, shovel testing, and excavation of 19m2 across multiple seasons, supplemented by laboratory cataloguing and comparative analyses. Radiocarbon dating of bison bone samples yielded three dates ranging from 9470 ± 41 to 9045 ± 69 radiocarbon years B.P., placing the site firmly within the Cody complex timeframe (ca. 9500-8400 radiocarbon years B.P.). Pedestrian survey resulted in the collection of diagnostic Scottsbluff and Eden projectile points, Cody knives, and other lithic artifacts. Excavations revealed an intact cultural layer beneath the plough zone containing diagnostic Scottsbluff projectile points and a bone bed dominated by bison remains. Faunal analysis identified a minimum of 13 individual bison, primarily adult females and subadults, suggesting a single kill and primary butchering event. Evidence of burning and bone breakage patterns supports on-site processing activities. The findings are significant as the Farr site represents one of the oldest radiocarbon-dated Cody complex sites in Saskatchewan and the fourth excavated site with intact deposits. Its lithic assemblage, characterized by heavily reworked projectile points made from predominantly local materials, offers insight into resource constraints and technological strategies. This research contributes to the broader understanding of Cody complex subsistence, mobility, and adaptation during the Early Precontact period while emphasizing the importance of investigating cultivated landscapes for archaeological deposits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".