Evidence for intraspecific variation of salinity tolerance in zooplankton collected from lakes of differing salinities on the Great Plains
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Great Plains are expected to become drier over the coming decades as droughts caused by natural variation in precipitation are exacerbated by climate change. The resulting increases in lake salinity may impact biodiversity, including zooplankton. To better understand how salinity changes will affect zooplankton, our study evaluated intraspecific differences in salinity tolerance of zooplankton originating from lakes with differing salinity levels. Three species, including Ceriodaphnia laticaudata, Daphnia magna and Daphnia schodleri were collected from lakes near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan and were subjected to acute salinity tolerance tests. The 24-h and 48-h half-effective concentration (EC50) results for all three species were estimated using three replicate cultures established for each species. Calculations for EC50 values were conducted using the drc library in the R programming language. Comparisons of the EC50 values for individual species among lakes were made using ANOVAs. The EC50 values for all three species were significantly lower for cultures originating from lower salinity lakes, providing evidence that the osmoregulatory capacity of some zooplankton species may change through evolution or acclimation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".