Dependencia estructural en el siglo XXI: Un análisis de participación y cambio del empleo en Ciudad Juárez
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Motivated by recent global disruptions, this study examines the evolution of the municipality of Juárez, Chihuahua in terms of how much it has a dependent economy, given its ties to North America production networks. The paper tests whether structuralist and dependence theories continue to explain the city’s economic dynamics. Using employment data from Juárez, México, United States and Canada for the period 2003-2018, the study apply the dynamic variant of shift-share technique to separate the sources of changes in Juárez employment into continental—for North America, sectoral, and merely local components. Results show that local dynamics have increasingly contributed to the growth of employment, especially in the sector of manufacturing, the economic linchpin of the region. Juárez, However, remain trapped in low value activities according to the results. The findings suggest that although Juárez is still dependent on central economies has developed capabilities to grow by itself un the twenty-first century.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".