Alcoholic Masculinity; Analyzing the Relationship between Gender Identity and Intoxication in Charles Dickens
Bibliographic record
Abstract
MLA "What makes a man, more precisely, what makes a gentleman, are by no means the innate and interior qualities (such as honesty, integrity, and moral strength) ... What matters are external and acquired status symbols, commodified forms of social respectability, which also function as symbols of a successfully acquired gender position" (Rainer Emig 71).Two major social components dominate the life of the Victorian man: wealth and marriage.In the chapter called "Low on Assurance: The Troubled Masculinity of Victorian Comedy," in Performing Masculinity, Rainer Emig argues that in the Victorian Era "men and the masculinity that is supposed to shape them are also subjected to the great ideologies that rule the nineteenth century: class and wealth.Men have price-tags on the marriage market, [and] rise or fall according to their changing market value" (60).In other words, men achieve successful social status primarily if they are wealthy and secondarily if they are married.In a sense, wealth and marriage go hand in hand -a man's chances of marrying in the Victorian Age are multiplied if he is worth enough money.Furthermore, Emig argues that Victorian men occupy a dynamic which is described as a "triangular relationship that connects competing masculinities through a desired third element.This is frequently a woman, but can also be status, wealth, and so on" (73).This means that Victorian men were often in competition with one another in the race for such things as women and wealth; items that added to their social status and their perceived success within their own gender roles.In Charles Dickens' "The Lawyer and the Ghost," "The Ghosts of the Mail," and "Baron Koeldwethout's Apparition," the ghost figure represents a source of competition for each protagonist.This competitive ghostly interaction suggests to the reader that the cause of the competition is deeply rooted in the anxiety each protagonist feels in relation to gender expectations.Interestingly, it is each protagonist's drunkenness that on one hand helps to repress his social anxiety and is on the other hand the catalyst for enabling each man's ghostly vision, which allows them, in one way or another, to come to terms with their distress.Thus, alcohol has a dual function; it represses gender anxiety to the protagonists and it expresses gender anxiety to the protagonists.The supernatural encounter, brought on by
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".