The North Atlantic Triangle and North Atlantic Treaty: A Canadian Perspective on the ABC Security Conversations of March-April 1948
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article examines the secret ‘security conversations’ between the United States, Britain and Canada that took place in Washington, DC, between 22 March and 1 April 1949. These ‘ABC’ talks produced a document known as the Pentagon Paper, which played an important part in the origins of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. For reasons of both foreign policy and domestic politics, the Pentagon Paper was portrayed at the time as essentially an American document but in fact it had been considerably influenced by Lester Pearson, representing Ottawa, as well as by Gladwyn Jebb and the British Foreign Office. The ABC security talks therefore provide an example of the significance of the North Atlantic Triangle in the immediate post-war period that witnessed the emergence of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization as a response to Soviet Communism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.010 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.071 | 0.034 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.021 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".