Baculovirus Actin Rearrangement-Inducing Factor 1 Can Remodel the Mammalian Actin Cytoskeleton
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The actin rearrangement-inducing factor 1 (Arif-1) of Autographa californicamultiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is an early viral protein that manipulates theactin cytoskeleton of host insect cells. Arif-1 is conserved among alphabaculoviruses andis responsible for the accumulation of F-actin at the plasma membrane during the earlyphase of infection. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Arif-1-induced corticalactin accumulation is still open. Recent studies have demonstrated the formation ofinvadosome-like structures induced by Arif-1, suggesting a function in systemic virusspread. Here, we addressed whether Arif-1 is able to manipulate the actin cytoskeletonof mammalian cells comparably to insect cells. Strikingly, transient overexpression ofArif-1 in B16-F1 mouse melanoma cells revealed pronounced F-actin remodeling. Actinassembly was increased, and intense membrane ruffling occurred at the expense of substrate-associated lamellipodia. Deletion mutagenesis studies of Arif-1 confirmed that theC-terminal cytoplasmic region was not sufficient to induce F-actin remodeling, supportingthat the transmembrane region for Arif-1 function is also required in mammaliancells. The similarities between Arif-1-induced actin remodeling in insect and mammaliancells indicate that Arif-1 function relies on conserved cellular interaction partners and signaltransduction pathways, thus providing an experimental tool to elucidate the underlyingmechanism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".