Baculovirus Actin Rearrangement-Inducing Factor 1 Can Remodel the Mammalian Actin Cytoskeleton
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The actin rearrangement-inducing factor 1 (Arif-1) of Autographa californicamultiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is an early viral protein that manipulates theactin cytoskeleton of host insect cells. Arif-1 is conserved among alphabaculoviruses andis responsible for the accumulation of F-actin at the plasma membrane during the earlyphase of infection. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Arif-1-induced corticalactin accumulation is still open. Recent studies have demonstrated the formation ofinvadosome-like structures induced by Arif-1, suggesting a function in systemic virusspread. Here, we addressed whether Arif-1 is able to manipulate the actin cytoskeletonof mammalian cells comparably to insect cells. Strikingly, transient overexpression ofArif-1 in B16-F1 mouse melanoma cells revealed pronounced F-actin remodeling. Actinassembly was increased, and intense membrane ruffling occurred at the expense of substrate-associated lamellipodia. Deletion mutagenesis studies of Arif-1 confirmed that theC-terminal cytoplasmic region was not sufficient to induce F-actin remodeling, supportingthat the transmembrane region for Arif-1 function is also required in mammaliancells. The similarities between Arif-1-induced actin remodeling in insect and mammaliancells indicate that Arif-1 function relies on conserved cellular interaction partners and signaltransduction pathways, thus providing an experimental tool to elucidate the underlyingmechanism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".