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Record W7125500672 · doi:10.22582/ta.v14i2.768

Between the Test and the Deep Blue Sea: Sneaking Anthropology into the Classroom in Post- “No Child Left Behind” America

2025· article· W7125500672 on OpenAlex
Anna Lofstrand

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueTeaching Anthropology · 2025
Typearticle
Language
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicEducator Training and Historical Pedagogy
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersRoyal Anthropological InstituteYork UniversityNew York University Abu Dhabi
KeywordsEthnographySensibilitySpace (punctuation)Test (biology)Critical ethnographyFocus groupTeaching methodColonialism

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Since the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (2002), K-12 teachers in the United States (US) have operated under a legal regime of standardised testing, designed to measure student progress on pre-determined metrics. However, many teachers, and their students, find this approach stifling and inconsistent with the student-centred, Freirean liberation pedagogy approach they often encounter in teacher training programmes. This piece looks at the tension between educational policy and teaching philosophy. Through my own experiences as a high school social studies teacher in the US, I demonstrate how I used ethnographic methods in my classroom to foster an anthropological sensibility. I focus on one specific project – the Snapshot Migration Story – and how I used it to carve a space for ethnographic exploration, student-centred curriculum, and project-based learning. This anthropological sensibility provided “windows and mirrors” to the students, helped “make the familiar strange and the strange familiar,” and helped students navigate an educational landscape that tried to both create lifelong, passionate learners, as well as students with the ability to reliably and consistently pass standardised tests.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.006
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.009
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch, Meta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Research integrity
Consensus categoriesScience and technology studies
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.706
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0060.009
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0150.047
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0020.001
Research integrity0.0010.005
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.024
GPT teacher head0.370
Teacher spread0.346 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it