GEE: Graphormer-Enhanced Encoder Model for Anomaly Detection in Weighted Signed Networks
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Complex network structures with signed and weighted relationships are common in many real-world systems. We present Graphormer-Enhanced Encoder (GEE), a transformer-based model for anomaly detection in such graphs. GEE extends Graph-BERT’s subgraph batching with Graphormer-style attention, integrating a signed-edge Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) absolute positional embedding to capture global structure and edge signs, and an edge-weight encoding within the attention mechanism to incorporate rating magnitudes. We also prove two properties of the signed WL formulation. Experiments on the Bitcoin Alpha and Bitcoin OTC networks demonstrate that GEE can effectively detect anomalies in complex weighted signed networks.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it