Dearly Departed: Piety and Community in the Stanstead Journal 's Obituaries and Death Notices, 1850–1900
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: This research note is based on a small-town Quebec borderland newspaper's death notices and obituaries published during the last half of the nineteenth century. The number of death notices in the sample years increased until 1880, after which there was a sharp decrease, reflecting a decline in infant and early childhood mortality. As for the obituaries, which were much fewer in number, there was a distinct gender divide within the messages conveyed. Those for men generally focused on their commitment to family and their neighbourliness, while those for women tended to stress their charitableness as well as their martyr-like suffering in their final days. In contrast to urban American obituaries, there was little change in the heavily religious tone until as late as 1890, nor was there any reference made to nation-building patriotism. Abstract: Cette note de recherche se fonde sur les avis de décès et les nécrologies publiés dans un journal d'une petite ville frontalière du Québec au cours de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle. Le nombre d'avis de décès dans les années échantillonnées a augmenté jusqu'en 1880, puis a fortement diminué, reflétant une baisse de la mortalité infantile et juvénile. Quant aux nécrologies, beaucoup moins nombreuses, elles reflétaient une nette distinction entre les genres dans les messages véhiculés. Celles consacrées aux hommes mettaient généralement l'accent sur leur engagement envers leur famille et leur esprit de bon voisinage, tandis que celles consacrées aux femmes tendaient à souligner leur charité ainsi que leur souffrance martyre dans leurs derniers jours. À la différence des nécrologies urbaines américaines, le ton fortement religieux est resté pratiquement inchangé jusqu'en 1890, et aucune référence au patriotisme lié à la construction de la nation n'a été faite.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".