Biomass and Population Structure of the Introduced Banggai Cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) in Soropia Waters, Indonesia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) is an endemic species from the Banggai Islands, introduced to several regions in Indonesia, including Southeast Sulawesi, through the marine aquarium trade.P. kauderni inhabits shallow waters and associates with microhabitats such as sea urchins.This study aims to describe the population condition of the fish from a biomass perspective.The study included underwater visual censuses at 11 stationary points (SP) in three villages of Soropia District, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, to collect data for estimating Pterapogon kauderni biomass.Furthermore, fish density estimation was conducted using the snowball sampling method to obtain an overview of the distribution and number of individuals at each observation location.The total biomass of P. kauderni was estimated at 16.47 kg/ha, lower than in its original habitat, Banggai Islands, Central Sulawesi, which is 18-32 kg/ha.The body length distribution influences biomass value.P. kauderni microhabitats included sea urchins and fire corals, found at depths of 4-7.5 m.The concentration of P. kauderni fish in this study was observed around anemones, fire corals, and branch corals, with the highest number of individuals found in the sea urchin microhabitat.P. kauderni can live peacefully in the same microhabitat as other fish.There was a strong positive correlation between sea urchin density and adult P. kauderni, with most of the observed P. kauderni fish using sea urchins for shelter.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".