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Predictive Spatial Analytics of Wave Energy Converters Based on Image Representation and Convolutional Neural Networks

2025· article· W7127413502 on OpenAlex
Ashkan Safari, Hamed Kharrati, Mehrdad Saif

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Language
FieldEngineering
TopicWave and Wind Energy Systems
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Windsor
Fundersnot available
KeywordsConvolutional neural networkRenewable energyConvertersGreenhouse gasPower (physics)Energy (signal processing)Representation (politics)Key (lock)Data modeling

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Climate change is currently the main global concern that is caused by increasing greenhouse gas emissions, and severe environmental challenges worldwide. To overcome this challenge, the global adoption to fully renewable energy usage is on the progress. Wave Energy Converters (WECs) are one of these technologies that can harness the power of ocean waves to generate clean, and renewable energy. Wave Energy Converter help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, contributing to a reduction in carbon emissions and supporting efforts to mitigate climate change. Consequently, the more these WECs generate power, the higher share of produced energy will be clean, without any significant emissions. To this end, an innovative optimal spatial coordination model is presented and applied WECs, in this paper. The proposed model consists of two main segments. Firstly, the spatial data, and output power of WECs are combined with each other, and converted to an image. Then, a 2D Convolutional Neural Netowrk (CNN) model analyzes the image to predicted final output power. Based on the predicted output power, the model suggests the optimal X,Y coordination of the WECs to achieve the propose of maximum electrical power generation. The proposed model is evaluated against several Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) with high accuracy results, and the least errors.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.987
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.009
GPT teacher head0.210
Teacher spread0.201 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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