6-Bit Active Vector-Sum Phase Shifter in SiGe BiCMOS for mm-Wave AESA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the design of a 6-bit active phase shifter in 0.13µm SiGe technology, designed for Ka-band beamforming front ends (28-30 GHz). The circuit consists of three main stages: an active balun, a second-order RC polyphase filter (I/Q generator), and four digitally controlled Variable Gain Amplifiers (VGAs). Measurement results show a root mean square (RMS) phase error of less than 1.3° at 29 GHz and less than 3° between 28-30 GHz. The average insertion loss is better than-7.2 dB around 29 GHz. The RMS gain error is below 1.02 dB at 29 GHz and as low as 1.14 dB across the 28-30 GHz range. The power consumption is under 74 mW, and the layout covers a core area of 0.67 mm2.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".