La fabrique institutionnelle d’un problème public : le cas du port du voile dans le sport (2012-2024)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
En vertu de la loi 2021-1109 du 24 août 2021 confortant le respect des principes de la République, le Conseil d’État a estimé dans son arrêt du 26 juin 2023 que les sportives sélectionnées en équipe de France ne pouvaient pas porter le foulard le temps des manifestations et compétitions auxquelles elles participent à ce titre. Si cette interdiction s’inscrit dans la continuité de la « nouvelle laïcité » à la française, elle entre en contradiction avec la lex sportiva. En effet, le Comité International Olympique et certaines fédérations sportives internationales ont depuis plusieurs années pris position en faveur de l’autorisation du foulard dans les compétitions sportives. Au regard de cette situation d’exception, cet article s’intéresse à la façon dont le port du hijab dans le sport est devenu un problème public en France. L’objectif est d’identifier les différentes phases de ce processus, d’examiner les acteurices majeur·es de la controverse et de qualifier leur rhétorique au prisme du genre. En analysant les discours politiques et médiatiques de 2012 à 2024, l’étude met en lumière trois phases dans le processus de mise à l’agenda du problème. Under Law 2021-1109 of August 24, 2021, reinforcing respect for the principles of the Republic, the Council of State ruled in its decision of June 26, 2023, that female athletes selected for the French national team were prohibited from wearing the hijab during events and competitions in which they participate in that capacity. While this ban is consistent with the continuity of the "new French secularism", it conflicts with lex sportiva. Indeed, the International Olympic Committee and several international sports federations have, for years, supported the authorization of the hijab in sports competitions. In light of this exceptional situation, this article examines how the wearing of the hijab in sports has become a public issue in France. The objective is to identify the different phases of this process, analyse the major actors involved in the controversy, and assess their rhetoric through a gender lens. By analyzing political and media discourse from 2012 to 2024, the study highlights three key phases in the process of bringing this issue to the public agenda.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.022 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.022 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".