The activities of the heads of the Crimean Tatars in Bakhchisarai in the last quarter of the 19th – early 20th centuries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The city of Bakhchisarai turned into a district town in the Tauride province when the Crimea became the part of Russian Empire. The emergence and design of the local city government system gave an opportunity for more efficient and rational municipal economy management in the second half of the nineteenth century. This was reflected in the development of urban infrastructure. The central part of the city government system was the City Duma, headed by the chairman, who was also the head of the Uprava. Numerous questions depended from the actions of the mayor and the members of Duma: the development of urban economy, improvement issues, the support of the public education system and etc. This article analyzes the activities of the Crimean Tatar leaders of the Bakhchisarai city administration based on archival sources and published materials. The realities of everyday life of city residents and the changes that became possible thanks to the rational actions of city government bodies were shown. The purpose of this publication is to analyze the main issues and problems that were solved by the local authorities of Bakhchisarai, when the City Duma was headed by I. Gasprinsky, S. Chubukchi, M. Davidovich, S. Krymtayev, based on the materials of the City Council funds. In conclusion, the author comes to the opinion that the city administration leaders have achieved certain successes in solving individual issues of urban development, city improvement (road paving, water supply, electrification, construction of a cement plant), health care, and the everyday life of city residents. The archival materials also recorded cases of resistance from both local government officials and city residents.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".