Solar-Powered Isolated Bidirectional DC–AC Converter for Microgrid and Distributed Energy Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The reliable operation of microgrids and distributed energy systems requires efficient bidirectional conversion between DC and AC domains under varying voltage levels. Conventional converters suffer from limited efficiency and restricted voltage conversion capability when interfacing with solar photovoltaic sources. To address limitation, an isolated bidirectional DC–AC converter has been developed, incorporating a high-frequency transformer with a turns ratio of 5:25, resonance inductance of 46 µH, and mutual inductance of 190 µH. The proposed design enables wide voltage conversion with both step-up and step-down operation, governed by modulation indices formulated through resonant tank analysis. Hardware validation demonstrates stable operation with zero-voltage switching (ZVS) at full load, significantly reducing switching losses. Experimental results indicate that in AC–DC mode, the system achieves a peak efficiency of 95.2% at a rated power of 800 W, while in DC–AC mode, efficiency remains above 93% across the operating range. Harmonic analysis confirms that total harmonic distortion (THD) is maintained below 3.5% in AC–DC conversion and 4.2% in DC–AC conversion, ensuring compliance with grid standards. These results establish the proposed isolated bidirectional converter as a robust and cost-effective solution for renewable-powered systems, offering high efficiency, reliable voltage regulation, and suitability for future smart grid and electric vehicle charging applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".