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Anti-Eavesdropping Multicast GAN Steganography for Botnet Stealth Communication

2025· article· W7129026395 on OpenAlexaff
Keru Fu, Sara Khanchi

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Language
FieldComputer Science
TopicInternet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting
Canadian institutionsNew York Institute of Technology
Fundersnot available
KeywordsBotnetPayload (computing)SteganographyDenial-of-service attackCommunication sourceServerIdentity theftCryptographyTransmission (telecommunications)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Botnets, networks of compromised devices controlled by malicious actors, pose a growing threat to cybersecurity by enabling large-scale DDoS attacks, data theft, and critical infrastructure disruption. To evade detection, modern botnets increasingly rely on covert communication channels. This paper introduces EAMS-GAN (Encrypted, Authenticated, and Multi-casting Steganography GAN), a novel botnet architecture that combines steganography, deep learning, and error correction to achieve highly stealthy communication. EAMS-GAN offers advanced capabilities, including anti-eavesdropping, sender authentication, and secure multicasting, illustrating the potential sophistication of next-generation botnet operations. Experimental results show that the system achieves 99% payload transmission accuracy and 100% command communication accuracy without degrading image quality. This work is intended solely for cybersecurity research and awareness, aiming to help defenders anticipate and counter evolving threats, not to promote malicious use.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.001
Threshold uncertainty score0.003

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.021
GPT teacher head0.294
Teacher spread0.274 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designSimulation or modeling
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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