Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the context of Japanese history, the temporal significance of “August 1945” is seen as so obvious as to need no explanation. For one, Japan’s unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers in August 1945 initiated a tremendous restructuring of government, society, and the very borders of Japan itself—from an empire that had once extended across Asia to a nation-state that, according to the Allied Powers, would now consist only of “the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and such minor islands as we determine.” 3 The period between 1945 to 1948 also witnessed unprecedented geopolitical change throughout the Asia region and a concomitant mass movement of bodies “back” to the national spaces they were now said to belong to. 4 Within Japan, citizens were confronted with the daunting question of “what it meant to start over in a ruined world” 5 ; outside Japan, meanwhile, news reportage highlighted again and again jubilant celebrations of freedom in Taiwan, Korea, and other former colonies.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.039 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".