Lightweight Transformer for Image Interpolation Via Unrolling of Multiple Learned Graph Laplacian Regularizers
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We build an interpretable and lightweight transformer-like neural net by unrolling an iterative algorithm that minimizes multiple realizations of the quadratic graph Laplacian regularizer (GLR), subject to an interpolation constraint. The pivotal insight is that a normalized signal-dependent graph learning module amounts to a variation of the self-attention mechanism in conventional transformers. Unlike “blackbox” transformers that require learning of large key, query and value matrices to compute transformed dot products as affinities and output embeddings, we employ shallow CNNs to learn low-dimensional features per pixel to establish pairwise Mahalanobis distances and construct sparse similarity graphs. At each layer, given a learned graph, the target interpolated signal is simply a low-pass filtered output derived from the minimization of GLRs, resulting in a steep reduction in parameter count. Image interpolation experiments demonstrate competitive restoration performance and notable parameter reduction compared to mainstream transformers.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it