Revisiting a Rare Cause of Plagiocephaly: Frontosphenoidal Craniosynostosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Frontosphenoidal craniosynostosis remains a rare cause of anterior plagiocephaly, with only 49 cases reported worldwide. Delayed diagnosis may lead to significant aesthetic and functional consequences. This case series presents 2 recently treated patients, highlighting clinical features, imaging findings, and surgical management. A retrospective review of 2 patients diagnosed and treated at our multidisciplinary head shape clinic was conducted, with parental consent obtained. Both children presented with unilateral brow flattening and preserved brow height. Imaging confirmed frontosphenoidal suture fusion with right frontal bone and supraorbital ridge flattening. Due to the severity of deformity, both underwent fronto-orbital advancement (FOAR) with the affected side bandeau and frontal bone removed, remodeled, and advanced to match the contralateral side. Both were discharged on postoperative day 4 with no complications and demonstrated marked cosmetic improvement. Multidisciplinary assessment and surgical intervention with FOAR led to improved aesthetic outcomes and avoided immediate functional deficits in our patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".