Caractérisation de la réponse modale d'un clou de sol composite soumis à une excitation axiale
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper characterizes the waves induced in a grouted soil nail from axial excitations in an attempt to develop a non-destructive field procedure for determining the length of in-situ soil nails. The study comprised experimental tests in which a 3.66-m long grouted laboratory soil nail was built and tested and numerical analyses in which a finite element model (FEM) of the nail was developed and calibrated. The FEM clarified the experimental responses of the nail by providing wave velocities and mode shapes for natural frequencies below 5 kHz, which described the actual dynamic behaviour of the soil nail. The results showed that axial excitations of the composite soil nail induced modes, which displayed both shear and longitudinal behaviour. Wave velocities below 3000 m/s suggested shear wave modes of energy transport whereas the nearly uniform axial displacements within the cross sections of the nail were more in keeping with longitudinal modes of behaviour.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".