Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bose - Einsteinova kondenzacija je specifična vrsta faznog prijelaza preko koje je omogućeno proučavanje kvantnih efekata na makroskopskoj razini. Takav prijelaz karakterizira pad velikog broja bozona u osnovno stanje i opserviranje velikog vala materije. Teorija pretpostavljena od strane Alberta Einsteina dvadesetih godina 20. stoljeća daje statističku pozadinu o ponašanju plina bozona nakon sto se temperatura sustava smanji ispod kritične temperature. Da bi se mogla razviti intuitivna percepcija o prelasku iz običnog Boseovog plina u Bose - Einsteinov kondenzat, kreće se od uvođenja de Broglieve valne duljine te objašnjava kako ona postaje sve veća snižavanjem temperature sustava. Potom kvantno - statistički koncept daje konkretan izračun i objašnjenje kritične temperature. Predstavlja se pojednostavljeni teorijski model za Bose - Einsteinov kondenzat preko Gross - Pitaevskii jednadžbe, uz pobliže objašnjenje kroz raspršenje hladnih atoma i definiranje duljine raspršenja za nisko temperaturni sustav bozona. Nakon teorijskog objašnjenja daje se povijesni pregled teorijskih i eksperimentalnih radova koji su prethodili realizaciji Bose - Einsteinove kondenzacije, a usko su povezani s njom. Na kraju su opisane tehnike hlađenja sustava bozona te rezultati prvog postizanja kondenzata.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.027 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".