Free propulsion and manoeuvring tests of the korean icebreaker ARAON in ice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The National Research Council of Canada's Ocean, Coastal and River Engineering Research Centre (NRC), with the support of the Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering (KRISO), has conducted a series of propulsion and free manoeuvring tests on a scale model of the Korean icebreaker ARAON. Investigation of the podded propulsors and their influence on ice-hull load distribution were conducted in open water, level ice, and pack ice. With control over propeller shaft speed and pod deflection angle the tests included straight, zigzagging, and turning arc runs. Throughout testing, the model's position, pod performance characteristics, and ice-hull pressures were monitored. A relationship between RPS and pod angle setting and model motion was determined, level ice turning and zigzag channel measurements were taken, and pressure distribution observations were made. Significant icehull loading was experienced over the model's bow and outside stern during turning arcs, while high loading was experienced at the bow during straight-going runs. Relatively low ice-hull loading was observed at the model's stern during straight-going runs. Comparison between loading on inside and outside turning surfaces was made. These observations from the ARAON were also compared with datasets obtained elsewhere.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".