Exploring the performance requirements of a net zero energy ready code
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change's goal for a net zero energy ready (NZER) model code by 2030 resulted in the proposal of a Tiered Code requirement to be included in the 2020 edition of the National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings (NECB). The proposal calls for Tiers 1 to 4, where Tier-1 is the NECB performance level, and Tiers-2 to 4 require a 25%, 50%, and 60% energy saving relative to Tier-1, respectively. This paper summarizes the simulation studies performed to validate that the tiers are technically achievable, and what the cost implications are. The building simulation tool OpenStudio was used to conduct annual energy simulations. The resulting building design solutions are used to: highlight the importance of different building aspects related to meeting the Tiers; present a set of costs associated with achieving the Tiers; and a comparison of the level of performance required by Tier-4 and other NZE/low energy and carbon standards.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".