Effect of laser pulse duration on laser-induced incandescence of soot
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The phenomenon of laser-induced incandescence (LII) has been utilized to develop versatile diagnostic techniques for measurements of combustion-generated soot concentration and primary particle size in many combustion applications. Many aspects in the implementation of LII have been investigated, such as the excitation laser wavelength and spatial profile, signal detection timing (prompt or delayed) and temporal width, and signal detection wavelengths. One potentially important parameter in LII practice that has received little attention in the LII community is the laser pulse duration. This is perhaps due to the fact that almost all the LII experiments conducted in the last two decades employed Q-switched, flashlamp pumped Nd:YAG lasers as the light source, which all provide a similar pulse duration in a narrow range between 5 and 10 ns FWHM. Few LII experiments were conducted using a much long laser pulse (microsecond) or much a shorter one (picoseconds). Picosecond laser pulses were shown theoretically to provide advantages over nanosecond ones in the determination of primary particle size distribution using lowfluence LII in flames at elevated pressures.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".