Playing the Game: An examination of student athletes' in-season and out-of-season achievement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies on the relationship between student achievement and athletic participation are often limited by availability of specific data. This study provided more accurate data on student performance during times of athletic participation. This study analyzed student grades during the times they were and were not participating in a school sponsored sport. Data from students enrolled in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program were also examined to seek more information within this subgroup of students. Data was analyzed using independent t-tests to determine if significant differences exist between first and second quarter grades.Results of this analysis confirmed existing study conclusions that, in general, academic achievement was stronger during times of sport participation. When the data was disaggregated, however, this conclusion was not supported across all subgroups. Research conclusions include recommendations that more students on Individualized Education Plans consider more sport participation. Students enrolled in the first year of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program, on the other hand, should be cautioned that grades may be adversely affected during the fall sport season.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".