Neither Here nor There: A Phenomenological Study of Immigrant Students Enrolled in Canadian Higher Education
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As Canada welcomes thousands of immigrants each year, some of them enrol in postsecondary education (PSE) to become more competitive in the labor market. However, the experiences of immigrant students in PSE are largely undocumented. Using a qualitative research design, this study explores immigrant students’ experiences in postsecondary institutions in Ontario, Canada, specifically in graduate programs. Eighteen interviews were conducted with nine mature immigrant students to better understand their needs, challenges, and aspirations. Bandura’s social cognitive theory is used as a theoretical framework to assess the experiences of mature immigrant students. There are four main themes: (1) balancing societal requirements with expectations of self, (2) the role of systemic and structural barriers in PSE, (3) education as a pathway to personal and professional success, and (4) the immigrant student identity in PSE. Findings reveal the important role PSE providers can play in helping immigrant students settle and succeed in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.045 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".