Modeling biodegradation of halogenated acetic acids in drinking water treatment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Halogenated acetic acids formed during the disinfection of drinking water have been found to be degradable during biological filtration and in distribution systems. Previous studies have shown varying results concerning the ability of microorganisms to degrade individual disinfection by-products (DBPs). Knowledge of the biological removal of these compounds is necessary to ensure the accuracy of empirical models in predicting concentrations of biodegradable disinfection by-products, such as haloacetic acids. This study examined the ability of a microbial innoculum collected from a water treatment plant to degrade six haloacetic acids. All but trichloroacetic acid could be degraded when exposed to a biofilm. The order of degradability under this study was found to be monobromo- > monochloro- > bromochloro- > dichloro- > dibromo- > trichloro-acetic acid. Simple one-dimensional mathematical biofilm models were applied to experimental data in order to estimate Monod kinetic constants for the biological degradation of haloacetic acids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".