Transnational Latina Feminism in Toronto, Canada, 1970s–2000s: Treading the New Avenues
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Latin American women have a long history of anti-imperialist and anti-capitalist political engagement, expanding into feminist praxis with diverse women’s movements across Latin America. Following connections with the Chicana cannon and establishing connections with other racialized grassroots groups in Canada, a particular Latina feminist subjectivity emerged that complicates Canadian feminism and challenges dominant narratives of Latin American political activities. Canadian feminist historiographies regularly engage in processes of erasure that inscribes Whiteness and imperialism into the Canadian landscape. In this context, Latin American women’s agency, experience, and lives have tended to disappear—along with other racialized women—from Canadian consciousness and literature, relegating them to the perpetual and exclusive role of victims. In this dissertation, four historical junctures have been selected that illustrate the transnational praxis of Latin American women’s feminist subjectivities in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. These key moments showcase complex political debates, including the political crisis in Latin America, the imposition of neo-liberal policies, political repression, and exile. Diasporic Latin American women from the 1970s to the early 2000s developed organizations that responded to the political exigencies of the times, maintaining transnational connections with women’s and feminist movements in Latin America while also creating new spaces in Canada, ultimately evolving a unique diasporic Latina feminist subjectivity. These junctures are: (1) the solidarity movement of the 1970s to the 1990s, focusing on two women’s organizations; (2) the formation of the Latin American Coalition to End Violence against Women and Children (LACEV) in the 1990s; (3) the organization of the First Latin American and Caribbean Women’s Encounter in 1995; and (4) the foundation of MUJER in 2003. These four examples are neither linear nor lacking in controversy. This study is based on a mixed methodology that includes interviews with leading activists, document analysis, and personal experience. Throughout their historical journeys, Latin American women contributed not only to the processes of democratization in their countries of origin but also to Toronto’s feminist political milieu, providing a vital contribution and translating into invaluable organizations that continue to support Latin American women’s agencies and political praxis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.045 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".