Impact of Biochar on the Hydrological Performance of Extensive Green Roofs in Southern Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Green roofs are a form of green infrastructure used in urban areas to help the postdevelopment water balance mimic the pre-development balance by retaining stormwater during the wet period and restoring it as evapotranspiration (ET) during the dry period. The overall objective of the current research is threefold: (1) assessing the discharge performance (retentionand detention) over 115 rain events and vegetation growth of four configurations of extensive green roof testbeds for two variables (a) green roof plant communities, and (b) substrate amendment using biochar; (2) assessing the effect of biochar amendment on the water balance, including dew, of a green roof module planted with sedum, using a smart field lysimeter; finally (3) assessing the effect of scale on a green roof by comparing the hydrological performance of a small green roof module with that of a larger green roof testbed. Overall, the green roofs showed good hydrological performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".