Assessment of Social Isolation and Functional Recovery in Older Adults Living Alone following Lower Limb Fractures using Multimodal Sensors: a Pilot Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Older Adults (OAs) recovering from lower limb fractures often experience social isolation (SI) and functional decline (FD) once discharged from inpatient rehabilitation. This study aims to assess SI and FD post-lower limb fracture of OAs living alone at home using multimodal sensors. Five clinical metrics were collected including three questionnaires and two physical tests. Two semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated between the sensor data features and the clinical scores. Thematic analysis was conducted on the interview data to determine the feasibility and usability of the sensor system. In this 8-week longitudinal study, eight participants were enrolled (7 female, 1 male; mean age is 72.7). As OAs experience improvements or declines in joint function, the sensors captured these changes in their movement and level of activity. The usability issues found were related to the charging of the devices, and no privacy concerns were reported.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".