The Effects of USMB Combined with Fractionated Radiation Therapy on Tumour Vasculature and the ASMase-Ceramide Pathway
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Radiation therapy induces damage to tumor cells directly or indirectly via DNA damage, leading to tumor response. Previous studies have indicated that radiation therapy can be enhanced when combined with the vascular targeting effects of ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMB). This USMB radioenhancement occurs via the activation of acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase). Clinical studies are currently looking into implementing USMB alongside radiation therapy to treat cancer patients. The work presented in this thesis determined the effects of fractionated radiation therapy combined with USMB on the tumor vasculature. Mice were divided into 3 categories, ASMase wild type, ASMase double knockout and ASMase wild type treated with sphingosine-1-phosphate. The results demonstrated the enhancement of cell death and reduced vasculature in combination treatments. Power Doppler ultrasound was used to observe vascular changes non-invasively. In conclusion, USMB can induce vascular disruption in an ASMase dependent manner, while enhanced tumor cell death potentially occur independent of ASMase activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".