The role of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase---Akt-glycogen synthase kinase 3beta pathway in protection from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a protective phenomenon where brief episodes of ischemia protect the heart from a prolonged ischemia. Recent studies have focused on the role of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in eliciting protection. We found that PI3Kalpha dominant-negative (DN) hearts were resistant to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. 5-Hydroxydecanoate (5-HD) inhibits the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channel (mitoKATP) and abolished IPC protection in wildtype hearts; however, PI3KalphaDN hearts were unaffected. This implies the resistance of PI3KalphaDN hearts to I/R injury occurs independently of the mitoKATP; a proposed IPC end-effector. I have also taken a novel genetic approach and created conditional cardiac-specific GSK3beta defficient mice (GSK3beta( -/- )). GSK3beta( -/- ) hearts are resistant to (I/R) injury to the same extent as wildtype hearts subjected to IPC. These results stress the importance of the PI3K-Akt-GSK3beta pathway in resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Suppresion of either PI3Kalpha or GSK3beta may be a target for treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".