Bolted CHS Flange-Plate Connections under Tension, Bending and Combined Loads
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis presents research on bolted circular hollow section blank flange-plate connections under axial tension, bending and combinations of these loads. For each load situation, the existing experimental and numerical data are collated and reviewed, then expanded by additional large-scale laboratory experiments (totalling 8) and parametric numerical (non-linear finite element) models (totalling 480) by the author. The resulting database is screened to isolate only the pertinent failure modes (or limit states) for the connection, then the eligible data are used to evaluate existing and new proposed design methods based on prying models. For each design method, the difference in using the ultimate stress, instead of the traditional yield stress, for the flange-plate plastification criterion is also analysed. Design procedures are recommended for bolted circular hollow section blank flange-plate connections under axial tension and under bending, and a reliability analysis is performed to generate appropriate resistance factors. For the load case of combined tension and bending studied (for which the first-ever laboratory tests on such connections are performed), a practical linear interaction design method is advocated which gives acceptable statistical results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".