Cultural differences in social relevance: does the analytic/holistic distinction apply?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The alleged contradistinction between the holistic perception of East Asians and the analytic perception of Westerners was examined in relation to the differential relevance of social targets. University of Toronto students of Chinese or Western-European ethnicity viewed single-word responses attributed to three different targets in a word-association exercise. Incidental memory for responses of the primary target and the two non-primary targets was compared across ethnocultural groups to examine the extent to which groups found each target relevant. Holistic perception, as recently discussed by others in relation to culture, would suggest better memory among Chinese than Western-European Canadians for the non-primary targets. This pattern was not found. In fact, there were no overall memory differences across groups. However, women's memory was superior to that of men. Also, Chinese Canadian women showed better memory for targets who shared their ethnicity. These results suggest that cultural patterns of social relevance do not conform to the simple holistic/analytic distinction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".