Multimodal Collagen Mapping in a Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction Rodent Model and the Development of Photoacoustic Ultrasound as a Novel Collagen Imaging Tool
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) is a common condition that leads to collagen deposition and irreversible bladder fibrosis, severely affecting patient quality of life. Despite the clinical impact, current methods for assessing bladder collagen are limited, relying on invasive tests or late-stage clinical indicators. This thesis adapts a pBOO rodent model to map collagen throughout the bladder wall using both histological and molecular techniques across health, disease, and over time. Additionally, a novel, non-invasive photoacoustic ultrasound imaging technique was adapted to assess collagen content and distribution. The results show progressive, location-specific changes in collagen, with a strong correlation between imaging and gold-standard histological assessments. Overall, this work elucidates the heterogeneity of bladder collagen deposition and establishes a foundation for using photoacoustic ultrasound as a non-invasive tool in bladder fibrosis assessment. These findings offer valuable insights for early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and timely intervention.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".