The Effects of Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders on Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Arrhythmias During Sleep in Individuals Living with Spinal Cord Injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) and cardiovascular dysfunction are common secondarymedical conditions that typically alter sympathetic activity after spinal cord injury (SCI). This prospective cross-sectional study tested the clinically relevant hypothesis on whether moderate- to-severe SRBD is associated with decreased heart rate variability (HRV) and increased cardiac arrhythmias compared with mild/no SRBD in individuals with cervical/high-thoracic SCI. This study included adults living with subacute/chronic, cervical/high thoracic (at T6 or more cranial) SCI, who were not previously screened for SRBD. All participants underwent a continuous electrocardiogram paired with an unattended sleep screening test that was used to quantify the degree of SRBD. Overall, our results suggest that individuals with cervical/high-thoracic SCI who develop moderate-to-severe SRBD have decreased nocturnal HRV along with reduced PNS activity, but similar SNS activity regardless of degree of SRBD. This suggests a less adaptive cardiovascular system in individuals living with SCI and moderate-to-severe SRBDs, implicating a higher risk for cardiovascular adverse events/diseases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".