Ice, through Inuit eyes: Characterizing the importance of sea ice processes, use, and change around three Nunavut communities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sea ice is an integral component of life in Inuit communities. It has complex influences on economic, social, cultural, and subsistence activities. Also, due to its influential role in regulating energy exchanges between the ocean and the atmosphere, sea ice is often used as an indicator of climate change in arctic regions. Significant scientific research effort has been focused on determining the potential impacts of global climate change on arctic ice seasonal patterns. Recently, interest in the impacts of climate change on arctic communities, and resulting societal adaptations, has emerged. Sea ice is thus an essential component to include in vulnerability assessments designed to evaluate community-specific implications of climate change. However, in order to undertake such an assessment, we must first understand Inuit characterizations of sea ice and the attributes of ice that most affect their livelihoods and lifestyles. Inuit have developed an intimate relationship with the sea ice and marine ecosystem through generations of observation and experience. While they have long been able to harvest wildlife and forecast changes linked to ice conditions, little of this detailed knowledge has been documented to appropriately represent this expertise. Therefore, working with Inuit sea ice experts in Cape Dorset, Igloolik, and Pangnirtung, Nunavut, this thesis characterizes the local importance of sea ice processes, use, and change. Employing a collaborative research approach, a combination of participatory methods (i.e. semi-directed interviews, experiential sea ice trips, focus groups) were undertaken in four field seasons between 2003 and 2005. Results from each community include descriptions of: (i) freezing and melting processes; (ii) the influences of winds and currents on sea ice; (iii) sea ice uses for travel, hunting, and wildlife habitat; and, (iv) observations of sea ice change. These results facilitate a comparative regional analysis, with an emphasis on Inuktitut terminology and implications of a changing sea ice environment. Experiences in a cross-cultural, community-based, collaborative research setting also enable an evaluation of the effectiveness of the research approach. This thesis lays the foundation for knowledge-sharing between Inuit and scientists. It is a starting point for attempts to link local and scientific knowledge in a complementary manner.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".