Impacts of process upsets and transient water quality events on UV disinfection performance at Ontario water treatment facilities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effectiveness of UV disinfection at two Ontario drinking water facilities during sub-optimum water quality conditions was studied. The disinfection performance of a pilot-scale low pressure UV reactor, delivering a reduction equivalent dose of 60--90 mJ/cm2, was not negatively impacted by either pre- and post-filter water quality conditions experienced at the two treatment facilities. Enmeshment of coliforms within particles, resulting in reduced inactivation levels did occur in samples of raw water from one facility that were coagulated with alum and alum+polymer at turbidities>6 NTU and exposed to low UV dosages ( le;10 mJ/cm2). No evidence of coliform enmeshment was observed in tests that examined raw water coagulation with STERNPACRTM/activated silica/sand/LT27A. No conclusive evidence was observed that would relate changes in inactivation efficiency as a result of bacterial enmeshment to turbidity or particle count data.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".