Multiculturalism: A discourse analysis of the Citizenship and Immigration Canada and Canadian Heritage websites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using discourse analysis, this study explores how Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) and Canadian Heritage explain the idea of multiculturalism on their official websites. Both websites avoid setting a clear definition of multiculturalism. Instead, they assign the task of defining multiculturalism to readers. The CIC website relies heavily on legal frameworks, such as the Canadian Multiculturalism Act, in explaining the concept. The Canadian Heritage website juxtaposes history, policies, programs, and events that are relevant to multiculturalism. Such inconsistent explanations of multiculturalism are problematic, potentially sending mixed signals. The websites also suggest that the present condition of multiculturalism is significantly better than its past iteration, describing current Canadian society as a place where many different cultural and ethnic groups live and work together in harmony and tolerance. But neither website describes contemporary controversies and difficult issues, nor the relationship between the government and those issues.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.013 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.034 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.016 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".