The Fourth Estate in the Sixth Grade: Exploring "News" in the Lives of Canadian Pre-teens Through Creative Media Inquiry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis explores how young people conceive of and engage with news in the current Canadian context. It suggests the need to transcend notions of youth as either "disengaged" or "disenfranchised" in relation to news by exploring questions such as "what counts as 'news'?" and "what does news engagement look like?" The study involved one class of Grade Six students (n=26) in the Greater Toronto Area in a mix of participatory, creative activities and interviews. The results illustrated participants' diverse ways of defining news or "news vocabularies" and the importance of friends and family members to the "news ecologies" they live in and interact with. Results also demonstrated the unique complexities pre-teens face in their relationships with news. Overall, this thesis calls for further critical thinking around how Canadian society understands young people as news users, and how young people utilize news to reproduce and transform the cultures they inhabit.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.029 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.013 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".