HIV-Related Stigmas, Health Care Empowerment, and Self- Rated Health Among People Living with HIV in Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
HIV-related stigma negatively impacts the health of people living with HIV; however, uncertainty remains around the mechanisms through which this occurs. Health care empowerment, which is defined as being engaged and committed to one’s care, and resilient to setbacks in health, may be a significant factor. As such, this study examined if health care empowerment mediated the relationship between HIV-related stigmas and self-rated health and how demographics may play a role, using the 2018 Ontario People Living with HIV Stigma Index Study. Results using ANOVA/Students t-tests and multiple linear regression/mediation showed that internalized, enacted, and anticipated stigma were all significantly elevated and related to self-rated health. Additionally, health care empowerment mediated internalized stigma and self-rated health’s association and was significantly lower for those who were younger, living with HIV for 10 or less years, heterosexual, and had less than high school education. Findings suggest the potential benefits of focused interventions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".