The effects of magnitude and spatial gradient in wall shear stress on cell shape and gene expression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examined the effects of a spatial WSS gradient (laminar undisturbed flow) using an in vitro parallel plate flow chamber with a backward facing step. Experiments were run for 6 hours (with uniform WSS 10dynes/cm2, n = 4) and for 24 hours (with spatial WSS gradient, n = 6) using porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC). Coverslips were immunostained for β-Catenin, eNOS or p65 protein, and analyzed by Fluorescent Microscopy. A 2-dimensional Computation Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation of flow over a backward facing step was conducted so correlations could be made on the effects of the changing WSS and WSS gradient on cell shape and gene expression. One-way ANOVA and correlations were done with Prism 2.01. We conclude that the changing magnitude of WSS is related to the spatial variation of cell shape (R2 = 0.79, P < 0.001, n = 6), eNOS (R2 = 0.68, P < 0.001, n = 6) and p65 expression (P < 0.001, n = 3), whereas the effects of the WSS gradient were unrelated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".