A Novel Self-Mineralizing Antibacterial Tissue Repair (SMART) varnish to condition root-end dentin in endodontic microsurgery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultrasonic root-end preparation in endodontic microsurgery (EMS) can initiate and propagate cracks on the root-end, which reduce surgical prognosis. This study assessed the effectiveness of a novel varnish containing chitosan-grafted-hydroxyapatite-precursors (CS-HA) to seal the root-end. In phase-1, antibacterial properties and biocompatibility were evaluated utilizing Enterococcus faecalis and human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblast models, respectively. Biomineralization potential was determined using X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform-infrared-spectroscopy. In phase-II the dentin-varnish interface was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the percentage of root-end sealed was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and independent t-test. CS-HA formed a hydroxyapatite layer, reduced bacterial adherence/survival (p
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".