Salud, Dinero y Amor: Mexican Women and their Extended Families Confronting Precarity in a Canadian Agricultural Labour Migration Program
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis investigates the experiences of Mexican women in the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP) and their extended families, with a focus on two interconnected dimensions: relationships; and, mental and emotional health (MEH). Three questions guided the study: i) How do conditions of precarity in the SAWP affect workers’ family and social relationships?; ii) What are the MEH experiences of the workers and their families?; and, iii) How do workers and their family members confront the impact of precarity on their relationships and MEH? Findings are based on ethnographic research in Canada and Mexico. Each family (n=5) included a SAWP worker and an average of five non-migrating family members, for a total of 29 participants. The study, underpinned by postcolonial feminist theory, combines four data generation methods: participant observation, emojional calendars, semi-structured interviews, and sociodemographic questionnaires. Study participants’ family and social relationships were impacted by precarious employment, living, migration, and social conditions in the SAWP. Their MEH was particularly influenced by the cyclical pattern of migration. Some similarities were observed within and across four groups of participants (workers, their children, the children’s caregivers, and extended family members). There were significant impacts on the MEH of extended family members, a commonly overlooked group in the literature. Participant families employed strategies to ensure the provision of care for the workers’ children and to manage family relationships, such as the reorganizing of family dynamics and engaging in identity work. In Canada, workers displayed strategies to establish social relationships, promote their MEH, and gain control over some conditions of employment. Given the all-encompassing nature of precarity experienced by participants, the SAWP can be considered a system of hyper-precarity, underpinned by intersecting racial, gender, and class oppressions. Combined, the SAWP’s four dimensions of precarity have a precarisation effect on relationships and MEH, experienced by extended family networks beyond the temporal and geographical boundaries of the employment contract. There is a need for major reforms to precarious labour migration programs to remove the severe constraints imposed on families’ agency, allowing them to effectively preserve their collective well-being and unity. Esta tesis examina las experiencias de mujeres mexicanas en el Programa de Trabajadores Agrícolas Temporales (PTAT) y sus familias extensas, con particular atención a dos dimensiones interconectadas: relaciones sociales y familiares y salud mental y emocional (SME). Tres preguntas guían el estudio: i) ¿Cómo afectan las condiciones de precariedad en el PTAT a las relaciones familiares y sociales de las trabajadoras ?; ii) ¿Cuáles son las experiencias de SME de las trabajadoras y sus familias ?; y, iii) ¿Cómo afrontan las trabajadoras y sus familias el impacto de la precariedad en sus relaciones y en su SME? Los resultados se basan en una investigación etnográfica llevada a cabo en Canadá y México. Cada familia (n = 5) incluye una trabajadora en el PTAT y un promedio de cinco miembros de la familia no migrantes, con un total de 29 participantes. El estudio, orientado por la teoría feminista poscolonial, combina cuatro métodos de generación de datos: observación participante, 'calendarios emojionales', entrevistas semi-estructuradas y cuestionarios socio-demográficos. Las relaciones familiares y sociales de las y los participantes se vieron afectadas por la precarias condiciones de empleo, alojamiento, estatus migratorio y sociales en el PTAT. Su SME estuvo particularmente influenciada por el patrón cíclico de la migración. Se observaron algunas similitudes en cuatro grupos de participantes (trabajadoras, sus hijas e hijos, las y los cuidadores y miembros de la familia extensa). Hubo impactos significativos en la SME de los miembros de la familia extensa, un grupo poco explorado en la literatura. Las familias participantes emplearon estrategias para asegurar el cuidado de las hijas e hijos de las trabajadoras y gestionar las relaciones familiares, como la reorganización de las dinámicas familiares y el trabajo de identidad. En Canadá, las trabajadores emplearon estrategias para establecer relaciones sociales, promover su SME y ejercer control sobre algunas de las condiciones de empleo. El PTAT puede considerarse un sistema de hiperprecariedad, sustentado por la intersección de opresiones raciales, de género y de clase. Combinadas, las cuatro dimensiones de precariedad del PTAT tienen un efecto de precarización en las relaciones y la SME experimentada por redes familiares extensas, y más allá de los límites temporales y geográficos del contrato de trabajo. Es necesario realizar reformas importantes en los programas de migración laboral para eliminar las severas limitaciones impuestas a la agencia de las familias, permitiéndoles preservar efectivamente su unidad y bienestar colectivo.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".